A DNA test is a genetic test that aims to identify ancestral relationships on the basis of genes. To begin the genetic -testing process, the doctor takes a sample of the individual’s blood, hair, skin or amniotic fluid.

Types of DNA Tests

Autosomal DNA is present in the 22 pair of chromosomes the remaining 22 chromosomes that do not carry our sex determination. Autosomal DNA is responsible for recombining each generation so that the new born inherits a set of chromosomes from each parent. There is high level of accuracy in these tests and can confirm relationships from parents to second cousins.

YDNA is another type that focuses on the subject’s Y chromosomes. Therefore, it is only works on males to determine the paternal line. mtDNA is a type of DNA that is present in mitochondria. This cellular mitochondria transfer to an individual from their mother. Hence, it is perfect to determine the maternal line.

Lab DNA Test

The sample of your saliva passes through a procedure, Buccal Swab. In this procedure, the doctors will collect the cells from the inside of your cheek. A lab technician carefully examines and processes it on a geno-typing chip. The cell membrane separates and breaks down by adding an enzyme solution to speed up the process. This gives the technician multiple results of variants in your genome. To separate DNA, it passes through electrophoresis which involves using an electric field for separating.

The lab then sends results to a genetic counselor, for further analyzing of the genetic data. Each person you interact with has a DNA similar to yours. However, minor different make you unique from them.  To test newly born babies, doctors would take the blood from their heels. This determines whether the baby has a genetic disorder or not.

Home Testing

To conduct a DNA test at home, you can purchase a test kit. This alternative is convenient because it secures your privacy and thanks to the advances in genetic science, it saves you the hassle of going to a doctor. Home testing determines the parents of the individual by taking a sample of their hair. It comes with a swab for the mother and father and uses the same buccal swab that doctors use in saliva collection method. A lab tests the sample of hair and saliva.

Accuracy of a DNA Test

Both testing methods produce accurate results. However, slight mistakes during the home kit testing process and packaging can interfere with the accuracy of results. If you are planning to conduct a home test then make sure you read all instructions behind the kit. It is an advanced process and the saliva swab collection method is actually an equivalent to blood sample testing. It helps give a clear idea of biological relationships and maternal/paternal lines. These results sometimes help solve visa related complications as well.

Bottom-Line

To conclude, DNA testing using the typical procedure and going to the doctor physically is what most people prefer going through. This may be because they are not aware of the home-kit testing procedure. If you have any doubt and skepticism in your mind, it is best that you meet a doctor immediately to discuss them.

Get in touch with the best DNA lab in NYC today. We ensure your privacy and guarantee accurate results of testing.